Sanitarians increasingly look to enhanced filtration and secondary disinfectants (UV or ozone) to limit the spread of cryptosporidiosis. The effective use of these tools may be at odds with the use of multi-speed circulation pumps to conserve energy. How much turnover of pool water through the filtration/supplemental sanitizer system is enough? In 1926 Gage and Bidwell introduced the “law of purification by consecutive dilution”. Though their methods were never published, their work was used in setting standards for pool water filtration; and their work is often cited in pool operator training materials in explaining the importance of the rate of water turnover through the filter.
In this presentation attendees will:- Gain a more accurate understanding of the work of Gage and Bidwell than that provided in common pool operator training materials
- Learn the unpublished methods and formulas used by Gage and Bidwell
- See the underlying assumptions, limitations and errors in the original work
- Learn how to estimate the rate of recovery from a single contamination incident
- See the quantitative relationship between turnover rate, contamination burden and water purity
- Understand the relevance of these principles to secondary disinfection systems and energy conservation.
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